Monochromatic vs Polychromatic LEDs

Introduction

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have transformed the lighting industry in the last couple of decades. The availability of different wavelengths that form varying color temperature of the light produced by LEDs has opened up many possibilities in lighting technology. There are two main types of LEDs; Monochromatic and Polychromatic LEDs. Monochromatic LEDs produce a single wavelength of light, while polychromatic LEDs produce multiple wavelengths of light.

In this article, we will explore the differences between monochromatic and polychromatic LEDs, and how they affect lighting technology.

Monochromatic LEDs

Monochromatic LEDs produce a single wavelength of light which gives the light produced a specific color. Hence, monochromatic LEDs are typically used in applications where a specific color of light is required, like traffic lights or indicator lights in electronics.

One of the significant advantages of monochromatic LEDs is their high luminous efficacy. They are up to three times more efficient than polychromatic LEDs. Monochromatic LEDs also have a longer lifespan and better stability in varying temperatures.

However, monochromatic LEDs have a limited range of colors available, and they cannot produce white light. To achieve white light, they either have to use phosphors or be combined with RGB LEDs.

Polychromatic LEDs

Polychromatic LEDs can produce any color of light by combining different wavelengths that are not restricted to specific colors. They are widely used as a source of light in general illumination and display lighting.

Polychromatic LEDs have a lower luminous efficacy than monochromatic ones, and they may experience color shift over time. They also tend to produce more heat, making them less energy-efficient.

However, they offer a wide range of colors, including white light, which makes them ideal for many lighting applications, including backlighting for displays, architectural lighting, and stage lighting.

Conclusion

Choosing between monochromatic and polychromatic LEDs in lighting technology depends on the nature of the application. For instance, if a specific color of light is required, monochromatic LEDs are the ideal choice. On the other hand, if there is a need for a broader range of colors, like in general illumination, Polychromatic LEDs are the better option.

Each has its advantages and disadvantages, and you should consider these before settling on either option.

We hope this article gives you a clear understanding of monochromatic vs polychromatic LEDs in lighting technology.

References

• Ries, M. & Shealy, J.B. Appl. Opt. 30(31), 4566–4572 (1991) [doi: 10.1364/AO.30.004566]
• Lee, J.H., Kim, J.-K. & Cho, H.K. Integr. Ferroelectr. 107(1), 81–104 (2020) [doi: 10.1080/10584587.2020.1764688]